MIDDLETOWN, Calif. – Four elementary schools sent a total of 160 fourth graders to a natural setting by Putah Creek last Tuesday, May 8, for an “In the Creek Day” to learn about the environment and how to take care of it.  

Coyote Valley Elementary sent three classes to the event, and Lake County International Charter School,  Cobb and Minnie Cannon each sent one.

What these four schools have in common is that they all lie in the Upper Putah Creek watershed, which, as these children learned, is all the land from which water drains into Upper Putah Creek.  

That’s the land that has been looked after by the Upper Putah Creek Stewardship (UPCS) since the nonprofit organization was formed in 1996.

Almost every year since then, it has organized In the Creek Day – a springtime event which gives children demonstrations of various aspects of the environment and how to be good stewards.  

Organizers of the event in its early days included by Helen Whitney, Bill Reed, Chris Simon and Dwight Holford. After a one-year hiatus, Holford saw to it that the tradition was reinstituted this year.

Educators were Jeff Tunnell of the Bureau of Land Management, who taught about fire safety; Kake O’Donnell and volunteer Joe Evans from the Natural Resources Conservation Service Lakeport office, who gave demonstrations related to soils; Larry Ray, president of the  UPCS, who covered botany; Dean Enderlin, formerly chief geologist at the McLaughlin Mine, who led a creek side look at rocks; and Carrieann Lopez, an environmental scientist in the North Coast district of the State of  California Water Board, who offered insights into sources of water pollution.

Nelsy, Trinity and Lucas of Coyote Valley Elementary all liked the creekside geology with Dean Enderlin best.

“You got to look at different types, and look at crystals inside it,” said Trinity about the rocks she found along the creek.

“I liked when we got to find rocks and he helped us identify them,” said Lucas, adding that he also learned about “fire safety and pollution.”  

Nelsy liked that she could “find our own rocks.”

She learned that “there are three types of different rocks: igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic” and that important things to take care of in the environment are “water, soil, air.”

The event took place along Putah Creek, just behind Middletown High’s football field on property generously offered for the event by Michael Browning.

NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope has detected light emanating from a "super-Earth" beyond our solar system for the first time. While the planet is not habitable, the detection is a historic step toward the eventual search for signs of life on other planets.

"Spitzer has amazed us yet again," said Bill Danchi, Spitzer program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "The spacecraft is pioneering the study of atmospheres of distant planets and paving the way for NASA's upcoming James Webb Space Telescope to apply a similar technique on potentially habitable planets."

The planet, called 55 Cancri e, falls into a class of planets termed super Earths, which are more massive than our home world but lighter than giant planets like Neptune.

The planet is about twice as big and eight times as massive as Earth. It orbits a bright star, called 55 Cancri, in a mere 18 hours.

Previously, Spitzer and other telescopes were able to study the planet by analyzing how the light from 55 Cancri changed as the planet passed in front of the star.

In the new study, Spitzer measured how much infrared light comes from the planet itself. The results reveal the planet is likely dark, and its sun-facing side is more than 2,000 Kelvin (3,140 degrees Fahrenheit), hot enough to melt metal.

The new information is consistent with a prior theory that 55 Cancri e is a water world: a rocky core surrounded by a layer of water in a "supercritical" state where it is both liquid and gas, and topped by a blanket of steam: video.

"It could be very similar to Neptune, if you pulled Neptune in toward our sun and watched its atmosphere boil away," said Michaël Gillon of Université de Liège in Belgium, principal investigator of the research, which appears in the Astrophysical Journal. The lead author is Brice-Olivier Demory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge.

The 55 Cancri system is relatively close to Earth, at 41 light-years away. It has five planets, with 55 Cancri e the closest to the star and tidally locked, so one side always faces the star.

Spitzer discovered the sun-facing side is extremely hot, indicating the planet probably does not have a substantial atmosphere to carry the sun's heat to the unlit side.

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to launch in 2018, likely will be able to learn even more about the planet's composition.

The telescope might be able to use a similar infrared method to Spitzer to search other potentially habitable planets for signs of molecules possibly related to life.

"When we conceived of Spitzer more than 40 years ago, exoplanets hadn't even been discovered," said Michael Werner, Spitzer project scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "Because Spitzer was built very well, it's been able to adapt to this new field and make historic advances such as this."

In 2005, Spitzer became the first telescope to detect light from a planet beyond our solar system. To the surprise of many, the observatory saw the infrared light of a "hot Jupiter," a gaseous planet much larger than the solid 55 Cancri e.

Since then, other telescopes, including NASA's Hubble and Kepler space telescopes, have performed similar feats with gas giants using the same method. This marks the first time, however, that light from a super-Earth has been detected.

Dr. Tony Phillips works for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

NORTH COAST, Calif. – Mendocino County authorities issued an alert Friday night for a missing Redwood Valley woman who allegedly failed to return her children to their father and subsequently threatened violence against them.

Kyleen Ann Cornell, 39, is being sought by authorities.

Cornell failed to return her four children per the custody agreement on Thursday afternoon, according to the report.

Since then, Cornell has reportedly stated that she has no intention of returning the children to their father and allegedly has made threats of physical violence against the children, according to the alert.

Authorities believe that Cornell, who is bipolar, has not taken her medication.

The children are Leona Marie Cornell, age 4, described as a white female with blonde hair and blue eyes; McIntyre A. Cornell, 8, a white male with brown hair and blue eyes; Inanna E. Peters, 12, a Hispanic female with black hair and brown eyes; and Sydney M. Peters, 16, a white male, 5 feet 11 inches tall, 155 pounds, with brown hair and green eyes.

Cornell is described as a white female adult, 5 feet 8 inches tall, 145 pounds, with brown hair and green eyes.

Her vehicle is a green 2000 Honda Odyssey, with the license plate 4LKE167.

Anyone with information on Cornell is asked to call the Mendocino County Sheriff's Office at 707-463-4086.

An encounter with a kiwi fruit is a lesson learned: You can’t judge a book by its cover.
 
Who would’ve guessed that such exquisitely flavored fruit resides in scruffy brown guise?
 
Kiwi’s burlap-like skin belies not only its flavor, but the translucent green and delicate patterns found within.
 
Cut crosswise, tiny black seeds scatter amidst a circular starburst of rays in juicy emerald flesh.
 
I’ve always loved exotic yet approachable kiwi, and I admit that I’m old enough to remember when it became a staple in U.S. supermarkets.
 
My children were raised with kiwi as common a breakfast food on their morning plates as oranges, and these fuzzy friends still have a prominent place in our fruit bowl.
 
Native to the Yangtze River Valley in southern China, the kiwi fruit was known there as yangtao. Its indigenous history goes back more than 700 years, where royalty cherished this fruit plucked from vines which grew wrapped around trees.
 
Word spread about delectable kiwi fruit in the 19th century, and plant cuttings were transported to the United States just after the turn of the 20th.
 
About the same time, kiwi vines were planted in New Zealand, where its popularity soared and the fruit was renamed the Chinese gooseberry.
 
Its current moniker, kiwi fruit (also spelled kiwifruit or shortened to kiwi), came in the early 1960s, when a savvy produce distributor felt the U.S. market would be receptive to the fruit. She renamed it to honor the kiwi, a bird native to New Zealand whose fuzzy brown coat resembled the fruit.
 
By the mid-1970s kiwi fruit was widely available in supermarkets here; prior to that it could only be found in specialty stores.
 
These days growers are developing other forms of kiwi, such as golden kiwi (which has a less fuzzy coat) and grape-sized versions of the fruit.
 
The vines on which kiwi fruit grow resemble grapevines, and like them, require vigorous pruning. They grow well in temperate climes which have a fairly warm summer, making Lake County a prime candidate for successful growth.
 
In fact, Lake County enjoys a bit of kiwi fruit history, something I found out only recently from Lake County resident, Haji Warf, which she, in turn, learned from an Upper Lake, Calif., kiwi grower.
 
According to Warf, the sprawling Mediterranean-style winery, Ceago del Lago, in Nice, Calif., was once the site of a 30-acre kiwi farm. When kiwi crops began flourishing in other parts of the world, the price bottomed out, forcing the owners to tear out the kiwi vines.
 
Apparently, the same fate occurred at a large kiwi orchard in Kelseyville, Calif., around the same time.
 
I’m happy to hear, however, that kiwi vines continue to thrive in Lake County, even if not on a commercial level.
 
Not surprisingly, kiwi fruit marries well with other fruits, both tropical and otherwise. Some favorite matches are bananas, strawberries, papayas and mangoes, as the sweetness of these fruits (and the smoothness of the banana) provide balance to the sweet-tart note of the kiwi.
 
Slices of bright kiwi fruit are often utilized for a splash of green in tarts filled with colorful fruit, and since they don’t brown when cut, they’re popular garnishes for a variety of pastries and cakes.
 
Kiwi fruit may be made into jam, and when combined with lime, a fine marmalade is produced. They’re a refreshing component of sorbets and ices, make great smoothie additions, and do well when juiced with greens.
 
Kiwi has also found its way into salads, whether with greens, chicken, seafood or grains such as quinoa, couscous or bulgur.
 
Kiwi is also paired with meat in glazes, marinades or even as a component of a stir-fry.
 
And speaking of meat, because of an enzyme present in kiwi fruit, it can serve as a natural tenderizer.

 
Simply rub a cut kiwi on the meat, or mash a bit of kiwi to spread over it and allow it to sit for 10 to 15 minutes.
 
Because of this, if kiwi is served with ice cream or other dairy products, it should be eaten right away, before the enzyme has a chance to break down the protein.
 
This egg-shaped fruit is rich in stores of vitamin C, with one kiwi providing well beyond our daily requirement, giving us antioxidant protection, immune system boosts, cardiovascular benefits, and protection against asthma and macular degeneration.
 
And because kiwi is high in fiber, it can help lower cholesterol and encourage digestive health.
 
If these fuzzy little ovals are not allowed to soften to ripeness before being eaten, they may make our mouths pucker.
 
The riper the kiwi, the sweeter its fruit. When they yield easily to a little pressure, they’re ready to eat.
 
Though kiwi fruit is often found firm and unripe at the grocery store, a few days at room temperature on the kitchen counter at home will remedy this. For faster ripening, place them in a paper bag with an apple or banana.
 
Once ripe, store fruit in the refrigerator for up to two weeks.
 
Between California (where 95 percent of the U.S. kiwi crop is grown) and New Zealand, kiwi fruit is available to us year-round.
 
I’ve provided two recipes for today, a refreshing lemon-mint cooler made with kiwi, and a fruity spin on spring rolls.
 
I’m a huge spring roll fan, and thankfully rice wrappers for this dish may be found in most supermarkets. If it’s a little intimidating to work with them the first time, don’t worry. With some practice you’ll have it down in no time.
 
The way I look at it, if I can do it, almost anyone can.
 
And before I go, did you know the skin of kiwi fruit is edible? Though most of us throw it away, it’s full of nutrients. If washed and rubbed with a paper towel, most of the fuzz will come off.
 
I’ve heard that in New Zealand they’re bitten into, skin and all, like a peach. I must admit that I haven’t had the courage to try it this way.
 
And last but not least, Happy Mother’s Day to all the moms out there. I hope you enjoy your day!

 
Kiwi mint lemonade

1 cup water
½ cup granulated sugar
½ cup packed fresh mint leaves
3 kiwi fruit
2 to 3 lemons
Sparkling water
 
In a medium saucepan, heat water with sugar over medium-high heat, stirring occasionally until sugar is dissolved. Simmer, uncovered, five minutes. Remove from heat and stir in mint leaves. Let stand 20 minutes

Meanwhile, peel kiwifruit and cut into chunks. Puree in a food processor. Place puree in a pitcher.

Strain cooled syrup into pitcher, pressing on mint, then discard leaves. Refrigerate until cold.

Squeeze juice from two lemons. Stir into kiwifruit mixture. Taste, squeeze in juice from remaining lemon for a more tart lemonade.

Pour into glasses. Top with sparkling water. Serve garnished with a slice of kiwifruit. Makes about 2¼ cups without sparkling water, enough for four drinks.

Recipe courtesy of the California Kiwifruit Commission at www.kiwifruit.org .
 
Fruity tropical spring rolls with kiwi

12 rice paper wrappers (found in most stores)
1 ½ cups chopped strawberries
2 firm yellow bananas, chopped
1 mango, cut into matchsticks
3 kiwi, peeled and chopped
1 bunch of fresh mint, chopped or whole leaf

If rolls are double wrapped, this recipe makes six rolls. If not, it makes 12.

Fill a large baking dish with warm water. Dip the rice paper wrap in the water quickly to soften (less than five seconds) and pat dry with paper towel. If using, repeat with a second wrap and lay atop the first one.
 
Add fruit in the middle of the wrap, beginning with mango (6-8 sticks) and adding the rest on top (about a tablespoon of strawberries, kiwi and banana each).

Be sure not to overfill, and adjust amount of fruit based on whether you’re making 6 or 12 rolls. Mint leaves may be chopped or left whole; add about two to three leaves to each roll.
 
Once the fruit is on the wrap, fold up the bottom and tuck under the fruit. Fold in each side as you would a burrito, then roll the wrap to the end. It should seal itself since it’s damp.
 
Serve wraps whole or slice in the middle at an angle. Serve with honey dipping sauce. (Recipe below.)

Vanilla lime honey dipping sauce

1/3 cup honey
¼ teaspoon vanilla extract
Contents of ½ vanilla bean (optional)
Zest of one lime
 
Combine all ingredients in a bowl, mix and serve.
 
Recipe adapted from “Vegetarian Times” magazine.

Esther Oertel, a freelance writer, cooking teacher, and speaker, is passionate about local produce and all foods in the vegetable kingdom. She welcomes your questions and comments and may be reached at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .

KELSEYVILLE, Calif. – The Lake County Office of Education has received a $10,000 grant to install solar panels at the Taylor Observatory-Norton Planetarium in an effort to turn the facility into a science center for students across the county.

On Friday afternoon, Lake County Superintendent of Schools Wally Holbrook, community members, Lake County Office of Education staffers board members, Kelseyville Unified School District Board members, members of the Friends of the Taylor Observatory and representatives from Pacific Gas & Electric Co. gathered at the planetarium for the presentation of the big check.

Holbrook said 70 students from Terrace Middle School and Mountain Vista Middle School also were at the observatory for the event, with all of the students getting to sign the big ceremonial check.

PG&E awarded the Lake County Office of Education the $10,000 “Bright Ideas” grant, which Holbrook said will be used to add 10 solar panels to the roof of the observatory, located at 5725 Oak Hills Lane in Kelseyville.

PG&E offers the grants – ranging from $1,000 up to $10,000 – for school renewable energy and environmental programs and projects, even science-related field-trips.

Holbrook said the solar installation project includes the use of monitoring software that will be a teaching tool, allowing students to track how much energy is generated or saved.

As such, the observatory will become an energy demonstration center for all of the county’s schools, he said.

“We're trying to have the observatory become the science center of Lake County,” he said.

The observatory location allows all county students to be connected to the facility online, Holbrook said.

The observatory and planetarium recently got a new $25,000 state-of-the-art projector, with the Friends of the Taylor Observatory paying for the project’s software, Holbrook said.

He said the quality of the shows – and the audience – has increased at the planetarium and observatory.

He said he and his staff hope to be able to pursue other grants, including one to install a demonstration wind turbine at the facility.

Visit the observatory online at www.lakecoe.org/programs/taylor_observatory .

Email Elizabeth Larson at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .

CLEARLAKE, Calif. – A crash Thursday afternoon saw a vehicle go into Clearlake, with one person being lifeflighted to a regional trauma center.

The afternoon crash was reported on Highway 20 near Island Drive, according to the California Highway Patrol. Full details of what occurred were not immediately available.

CHP, Northshore Fire, the Lake County Sheriff's Office and California Fish and Game responded to the scene.

CHP Officer Brian Engle said one person was flown by air ambulance out of the area.

A juvenile also was involved but not injured, according to the CHP.

The Northshore Dive Team used newly acquired air bags to lift the vehicle, which was then towed to shore by a boat from the Lake County Sheriff's Office's Marine Patrol.

The incident was cleared shortly before 5:30 p.m., according to radio reports.

LAKEPORT, Calif. –Want a puppy or a mature dog? The Lake County animal shelter has a variety of critters to join your family.

A new group of puppies, along with adult dogs of various sizes, are waiting to be adopted.

Thanks to Lake County Animal Care and Control’s new veterinary clinic, many of the animals offered for adoption already are spayed or neutered and ready to go home with their new families.

Dogs that are adopted from Lake County Animal Care and Control are either neutered or spayed, microchipped and, if old enough, given a rabies shot and county license before being released to their new owner. License fees do not apply to residents of the cities of Lakeport or Clearlake.

If you're looking for a new companion, visit the shelter. There are many great pets hoping you'll choose them.

The following dogs at the Lake County Animal Care and Control shelter have been cleared for adoption (additional dogs on the animal control Web site not listed are still “on hold”).

Male Jack Russell mix

This male Jack Russell terrier mix is 6 years old.

He has tricolor markings and a short coat, weighs 19 pounds and has not yet been neutered.

He is in kennel No. 24, ID No. 32483.

Female Jack Russell mix

This female Jack Russell terrier mix is 3 years old.

She has a short tan and white coat, weighs nearly 26 pounds and has not yet been spayed.

Find her in kennel No. 22, ID No. 32482.

Labrador Retriever-Great Dane

This male Labrador Retriever-Great Dane mix is 5 months old.

He weighs 41 pounds, has a short black and white coat, and has been neutered.

He is in kennel No. 33, ID No. 32600.

Female Labrador Retriever

This female Labrador Retriever is 1 year old.

She weighs 44 pounds, has a short black coat and has been spayed.

She is in kennel No. 26, ID No. 32639.

Female Australian Shepherd mix

This female Australian Shepherd mix is 1 year old.

She has a short red and tan coat, and bright, beautiful green eyes.

She weighs 65 pounds and has been spayed.

Shelter staff said she is quiet and mellow. She is good with other dogs and would be good with kids.

Find her in kennel No. 19, ID No. 32589.

Male Labrador Retriever-shepherd mix pup

This male Labrador Retriever-shepherd mix pup is 11 weeks old.

He has a short brown coat and floppy ears, weighs 13 pounds and has been neutered.

He is in kennel No. 29a, ID No. 32676.

Male Labrador Retriever-shepherd mix pup

This male Labrador Retriever-shepherd mix pup is 11 weeks old.

He has a short brown coat and floppy ears, weighs 13 pounds and has been neutered.

Find him in kennel No. 29e, ID No. 32680.

Female Labrador Retriever-shepherd mix pup

This female Labrador Retriever-shepherd mix pup is 11 weeks old.

She has a short brown and black coat and floppy ears, weighs nearly 15 pounds and has been spayed.

She is in kennel No. 30a, ID No. 32673.

Adoptable dogs also can be seen at http://www.co.lake.ca.us/Government/Directory/Animal_Care_And_Control/Adopt/Dogs_and_Puppies.htm or at www.petfinder.com .

Please note: Dogs listed at the shelter's Web page that are said to be “on hold” are not yet cleared for adoption.

To fill out an adoption application online visit http://www.co.lake.ca.us/Government/Directory/Animal_Care_And_Control/Adopt/Dog___Cat_Adoption_Application.htm .

Lake County Animal Care and Control is located at 4949 Helbush in Lakeport, next to the Hill Road Correctional Facility.

Office hours are Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., and 1 p.m. to 3 p.m., Saturday. The shelter is open from 10:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday and on Saturday from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m.

Visit the shelter online at http://www.co.lake.ca.us/Government/Directory/Animal_Care_And_Control.htm .

For more information call Lake County Animal Care and Control at 707-263-0278.

CLEARLAKE OAKS, Calif. – A Lucerne woman was injured and had to be lifeflighted out of the county on Thursday after her vehicle went into the lake.

Christine Koschei, 41, was injured in the Thursday afternoon crash on Highway 20 near Island Drive, according to the California Highway Patrol.

CHP Officer Kory Reynolds said Friday that Koschei was driving a Ford Explorer with 46-year-old Stephanie Curtis-Kyle and a 6-year-old girl riding as passengers.

The vehicle went off the highway and into Clear Lake. Reynolds said investigators were not sure what led to the vehicle going into the water.

Koschei suffered major injuries and was flown out of the county, the CHP reported.

Her vehicle was recovered from the lake through the use of the Northshore Dive Team's heavy duty air bags, which lift sunken vehicles.

The Lake County Sheriff's Office's Marine Patrol then towed the vehicle to a spot along the lakeshore where it could be removed.

Email Elizabeth Larson at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .

LAKEPORT, Calif. – The Lake County Child Care Planning Council recognized some of the county's best educators at its annual Early Childhood Educator of the Year Award Dinner on Friday, May 4.

The dinner, at The Lodge at Blue Lakes, offered recognition and valuable award packages to 11 exceptional early childhood educators.  

Approximately 200 attendees and many Lake County organizations, businesses and individuals offered significant support to make this event possible.  

Lake County Department of Social Services; Lake Family Resource Center; North Coast Opportunities; Lake County Office of Education, Child Development Division; Nurturing Parenting Program; Redwood Empire Association for the Education of Young Children and Yuba College were significant supporters, along with many others.  

Many local dignitaries, including Supervisors Anthony Farrington and Denise Rushing, Lake County Superintendent of Schools Wally Holbrook and Lakeport Police Chief Brad Rasmussen attended the event and presented awards to the honorees.

“It is encouraging to see our community’s organizations and leaders unite in recognition of the valuable contribution early childhood educators make throughout Lake County,” said Shelly Mascari, director of the Lake County Child Care Planning Council.

Approximately 60 nominations were received for Lake County providers in recognition of commitment to excellence by their peers, community members and the families they serve.  

Winners were selected based on a detailed interview and evaluation process that took into consideration education, commitment to their profession, answers to specific interview questions and effectiveness in their role as educators.

Early childhood educators contribute significantly to our communities.

Quality early childhood education dramatically impacts high school graduation rates, keeps our communities working, and helps Lake County develop productive, effective, happy citizens of the future.  

“Many of these educators have dedicated decades to their profession, in the face of dramatic budget cuts and statewide funding priorities that work in opposition to consistent, quality care,” said Mascari. “Their education, in many cases, equals that of the K-12 educator, and this program provides a forum to recognize that commitment and the important work they do.”

The 2012 Early Childhood Educators of the Year include the following.

Lifetime Achievement Award

Cindy Adams, Lake County Office of Education

Leading the Field Award

Sara Brucker, The Learning House

Special Needs Advocate of the Year

Jami White, Lake Family Resource Center

Provider of the Year: Infant/Toddler

Sarah Solgat, Early Head Start    

Provider of the Year: Preschool

Sajeanne Burgoyne, Early Connection Preschool, Kelseyville

Provider of the Year: School Age

Nicole Schnabl, Kid Connection After School Program, Lower Lake Elementary

Provider of the Year: Family Child Care

Sarah Hanson

Volunteer of the Year

Lourdes Aguirre, AmeriCorps Member, Early Connection Preschool, Lakeport

Sparkle Award Recipients

Kim Beale, Family Child Care Provider

Jody Mederos, Pearl Head Start

Maryellen Bowman, Meadowbrook/Pearl Head Start

The mottled landscape pictured above that shows the impact crater Tycho is among the most violent-looking places on our moon.

Astronomers didn't aim NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to study Tycho, however. The image was taken in preparation to observe the transit of Venus across the sun's face June 5-6.

Hubble cannot look at the sun directly, so astronomers are planning to point the telescope at the Earth's moon, using it as a mirror to capture reflected sunlight and isolate the small fraction of the light that passes through Venus' atmosphere.

Imprinted on that small amount of light are the fingerprints of the planet’s atmospheric makeup.

These observations will mimic a technique that is already being used to sample the atmospheres of giant planets outside our solar system passing in front of their stars. In the case of the Venus transit observations, astronomers already know the chemical makeup of Venus' atmosphere, and that it does not show signs of life on the planet.

But the Venus transit will be used to test whether this technique will have a chance of detecting the very faint fingerprints of an Earth-like planet, even one that might be habitable for life, outside our solar system that similarly transits its own star.

Venus is an excellent proxy because it is similar in size and mass to our planet.

The astronomers will use an arsenal of Hubble instruments – the Advanced Camera for Surveys, Wide Field Camera 3 and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph – to view the transit in a range of wavelengths, from ultraviolet to near-infrared light.

During the transit, Hubble will snap images and perform spectroscopy, dividing the sunlight into its constituent colors, which could yield information about the makeup of Venus' atmosphere.

Hubble will observe the moon for seven hours, before, during, and after the transit so the astronomers can compare the data.

Astronomers need the long observation because they are looking for extremely faint spectral signatures. Only 1/100,000th of the sunlight will filter through Venus' atmosphere and be reflected off the moon.

The image above, taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys, reveals lunar features as small as roughly 560 feet (170 meters) across.

The large "bulls-eye" near the top of the picture is the impact crater, caused by an asteroid strike about 100 million years ago.

The bright trails radiating from the crater were formed by material ejected from the impact area during the asteroid collision.

Tycho is about 50 miles (80 kilometers) wide and is circled by a rim of material rising almost 3 miles (5 kilometers) above the crater floor. The image measures 430 miles (700 kilometers) across, which is slightly larger than New Mexico.

Because the astronomers only have one shot at observing the transit, they had to carefully plan how the study would be carried out. Part of their planning included the test observations of the moon, made on Jan. 11, 2012, as shown in the release image.

Hubble will need to be locked onto the same location on the moon for more than seven hours, the transit's duration.

For roughly 40 minutes of each 96-minute orbit of Hubble around the Earth, the Earth occults Hubble's view of the moon.

So, during the test observations, the astronomers wanted to make sure they could point Hubble to precisely the same target area.

This is the last time this century sky watchers can view Venus passing in front of the sun. The next transit won't happen until 2117. Venus transits occur in pairs, separated by eight years. The last event was witnessed in 2004.

The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and the European Space Agency. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., manages the telescope.

The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Md., conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., in Washington, D.C.

For images and more information about Hubble’s view of the Moon and the Venus transit, visit  http://hubblesite.org/news/2012/22 .

For more information about the Hubble Space Telescope, visit http://www.nasa.gov/hubble .

Cheryl Grundy works for the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Md.